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Intermediate · 20-bosqich

Taxmin modallari: must, might, can't (must have been)

must, might / may / could, can't yordamida hozirgi va o'tgan zamon haqida taxmin qilasiz (He must be at work. She can't have seen it. They might have left) va mustn't bilan can't ni adashtirmaysiz.

Dars so'zlari

InglizchaTalaffuzO'zbekcha
obvious/ˈɒb.vi.əs/aniq, ravshan
evidence/ˈev.ɪ.dəns/dalil
certain/ˈsɜː.tən/ishonchi komil
suspect/səˈspekt/gumon qilmoq
clue/kluː/ishora, iz
mystery/ˈmɪs.tər.i/sir, jumboq
guess/ɡes/taxmin qilmoq
presumably/prɪˈzjuː.mə.bli/ehtimol, shunday bo'lsa kerak
possibly/ˈpɒs.ə.bli/ehtimol, balki
conclusion/kənˈkluː.ʒən/xulosa

Asosiy xulosalar

  • Hozirgi taxmin: must be (deyarli aniq, ha), might / may / could be (ehtimol), can't be (deyarli aniq, yo'q). Davom etayotgan ish: must be working.
  • O'tgan taxmin: modal + have + V3 — must have gone, might have forgotten, can't have seen.
  • Taxmin inkori — can't, mustn't emas! Mustn't — taqiq (You mustn't park here).
  • Ehtimol-inkor uchun might not / may not: She might not be at home. Modaldan keyin to qo'yilmaydi.

20-bosqich: Imkoniyatlar va tasavvur: shart gaplar, wish, taxmin

  1. Second conditional: xayoliy vaziyatlar (If I were…, I would…)
  2. I wish…: hozirgi va o'tgan zamon orzu-pushaymonligi
  3. First yoki second conditional? Unless, as long as, provided
  4. Third conditional: o'tgan zamon pushaymonligi
  5. Taxmin modallari: must, might, can't (must have been)
  6. O'tgan zamon modallari: should have, could have, needn't have
  7. Do'stga maslahat berish: muammoli vaziyat
  8. Orzu, intilish va his-tuyg'ular lug'ati
  9. Maslahat va taklif: should, ought to, had better, If I were you
  10. Tinglash va gapirish: qiyin tanlov
  11. Uzr so'rash va pushaymonlik bildirish
  12. Yozish: maslahat xati
  13. O'qish va yozish: maslahat ustuni
  14. Bosqich takrori: shart gaplar va modallar
  15. Imkoniyatlar: yakuniy takror