Scorify.uzHave got nimani bildiradi
Have got narsaga egalikni, oila a'zolarini, tashqi ko'rinishni va kasallikni aytishda ishlatiladi. U oddiy hozirgi zamon ma'nosiga ega, ya'ni «hozir menda bor» degani. Ma'no jihatidan have bilan bir xil, faqat so'zlashuv tilida va ayniqsa Britaniya inglizchasida ko'proq uchraydi.
Muhim: have got shaklida got o'tgan zamon emas. «I have got a car» gapi «menda mashina bor» degani, «men mashina oldim» emas.
- I've got a younger brother. — Mening ukam bor.
- She has got long dark hair. — Uning uzun qora sochlari bor.
- We've got a small flat in Chilanzar. — Bizning Chilonzorda kichkina kvartiramiz bor.
Shakllari
He, she, it bilan has got ishlatiladi, qolgan shaxslar bilan have got. Og'zaki nutqda deyarli doim qisqartma aytiladi: 've got va 's got.
| Shaxs | Darak | Inkor | Savol |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | I have got (I've got) | I haven't got | Have you got...? |
| he / she / it | She has got (She's got) | She hasn't got | Has she got...? |
Inkor va savol
Have got da inkor va savol uchun do/does kerak emas. Not yoki n't have/has dan keyin qo'yiladi, savolda esa have/has gap boshiga chiqadi, xuddi to be dagi kabi. Qisqa javobda got aytilmaydi.
- I haven't got a laptop. — Menda noutbuk yo'q.
- He hasn't got any brothers. — Uning aka-ukalari yo'q.
- Have you got a pen? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. — Sizda ruchka bormi? Ha, bor. / Yo'q, yo'q.
- Has your sister got a car? No, she hasn't. — Opangizda mashina bormi? Yo'q, yo'q.
Have bilan farqi
Have ning o'zi ham «bor» ma'nosida ishlatiladi: I have a car. Lekin bu holatda inkor va savol do/does bilan tuziladi: I don't have a car. Do you have a car? Ikki tuzilmani aralashtirmang: «Do you have got» xato. Imtihonda bitta tuzilmani tanlab, oxirigacha shunga amal qiling.
Odatiy ish-harakatni aytganda faqat have ishlatiladi: have breakfast (nonushta qilish), have a shower (cho'milish), have a good time (yaxshi dam olish). Bunday gaplarda have got aytilmaydi. Masalan, «I've got breakfast at 7» deyilmaydi, to'g'risi I have breakfast at 7. Shu farqni bilsangiz, ikkala tuzilma ham xatosiz ishlaydi, va og'zaki nutqda ham, yozuvda ham o'zingizni ishonchli his qilasiz.
| Ma'no | Have got | Have |
|---|---|---|
| Egalik | I've got a bike. | I have a bike. |
| Inkor | I haven't got a bike. | I don't have a bike. |
| Savol | Have you got a bike? | Do you have a bike? |
| Ish-harakat (nonushta, cho'milish) | aytilmaydi | I have breakfast at 7. |
- Do you have any questions? — Savollaringiz bormi?
- They don't have a garden. — Ularning bog'i yo'q.
Kundalik hayotdagi misollar
Have got ko'pincha odam haqida gapirganda kerak bo'ladi: oila, tashqi ko'rinish, sog'liq va narsalar. Do'stingiz bilan tanishayotganda yoki mehmonxonada xona so'rayotganda shu tuzilma tabiiy eshitiladi. Quyidagi gaplarni o'zbekcha ma'nosiga qarab ovoz chiqarib o'qing va o'xshash gaplarni o'zingiz haqingizda tuzing. Eng yaxshi mashq: oilangizdagi har bir kishi haqida bittadan gap yozing, masalan, «dadamning katta mashinasi bor», «singlimning ikkita mushugi bor».
Kasallik haqida aytganda ham have got ishlatiladi: I've got a cold, he's got a temperature. Bu yerda «menda shamollash bor» deb tarjima qilmang, ma'no «shamollaganman» degani.
- I've got a headache. Have you got any tablets? — Boshim og'riyapti. Sizda tabletka bormi?
- My uncle has got three daughters and a son. — Amakimning uchta qizi va bitta o'g'li bor.
- The hotel hasn't got a swimming pool. — Mehmonxonada basseyn yo'q.
Qachon qaysi birini tanlash kerak
- Imtihonda va rasmiy yozuvda have ni tanlash xavfsizroq: u hamma joyda mos keladi.
- Suhbatda have got tabiiy va qisqa: «I've got a headache.»
- O'tgan zamonda have got ishlatilmaydi. «Mening mashinam bor edi» deb aytish uchun I had a car deymiz.
- Yosh uchun have emas, to be: I am 20 (I have 20 emas).
- Savolga qisqa javob berganda got ni tushirib qoldiring: Have you got a car? — Yes, I have. Bunday javob tabiiy va sodda eshitiladi.
O'zbek tilida so'zlashuvchilar uchun tipik xatolar
- «Mening akam bor» ni so'zma-so'z «I have brother» deb aytish: ingliz tilida egalik olmoshi yoki a kerak: I have a brother.
- He/she/it bilan have qoldirish: «She have got» xato, to'g'risi She has got.
- Savolda do ishlatish: «Do you have got a pen?» xato. Yoki Have you got...? yoki Do you have...?
- Got ni o'tgan zamon deb o'ylash: I've got a car hozirgi zamon.
- Inkorda ikki marta inkor qo'yish: «I haven't got no money» xato, to'g'risi I haven't got any money.